Topic 3 Waves and the particle nature of light
只是个人笔记，在一直更新，发到博客上而已。适用于IAL Edexcel爱德思物理Unit2。有需要的可以看（不过应该没有）。如有错误请纠正。有些写的是英文解释，因为我觉得这些东西记英文比较好
3A 3B Basic waves & The behaviour of waves
| 英文术语/常见题目的单词 | 中文翻译/英文解释 |
|---|---|
| vibration | 振动 |
| oscillation | 振荡 |
| oscilloscope | 示波器 |
| amplitude | 振幅 |
| transverse waves | 横波 |
| longitudinal waves | 纵波 |
| electromagnetic | 电磁的 |
| medium | 介质 |
| propagate | 传播 |
| compression | 密部 |
| rarefaction | 疏部 |
| fluid | 流体，液体 |
| pulse | 脉冲 |
| superposition | 叠加 |
| interference | 干涉 |
| superpose | 叠加 |
| fundamental | 基音 |
| overtone | 泛音 |
| harmonic | 谐波 |
| diffraction | 衍射 |
| obstacle | 障碍 |
3C More wave properties of light
| 英文术语/常见题目的单词 | 中文翻译/英文解释 |
|---|---|
| refraction | 折射 |
| reflection | 反射 |
| refractive index | 折射率 |
| incidence | 入射 |
| property | 性质 |
| sonar | 声纳 |
| emitted | 发射 |
| thickness | 厚度 |
| infrasound | 次声 |
| ultrasound | 超声 |
| transmitter | 发射台 |
| structure | 结构 |
| signal generator | 信号发生器 |
| apparatus | 仪器 |
| coherent | Waves with the same frequency and a constant phase relationship |
| node | The points where the resultant displacement is always zero. |
| antinodes | The points of maximum amplitude |
| string wave | 弦波 |
| slit | 缝 |
| partial refraction | 部分折射 |
| total internal reflection (TIR) | 全反射 |
| critical angle | 临界角 |
| polarisation | 偏振 |
| filter | 滤镜 |
| monochromatic light | 单色光 |
3D Quantum physics
| 英文术语/常见题目的单词 | 中文翻译/英文解释 |
|---|---|
| two-slit interference | 双缝干涉 |
| photoelectric effect | 光电效应 |
| quantisation | 量子化 |
| ionisation | 电离作用 |
| electron | 电子 |
| photon | 光子 |
| quantum | 量子 |
| photoelectron | 光电子 |
| atom | 原子 |
| ion | 离子 |
| proton | 质子 |
| neutron | 中子 |
| work function | The minimum amount of energy that an electron needs in order to escape the surface of the metal. |
| threshold frequency | The minimum frequency of electromagnetic radiation that can cause the emission of photoelectrons from the metal |
| energy level | 能级 |
| ground state | The lowest energy level for a system. |
| excitation | An energy state for a system that is higher energy than the ground state. |
| line spectrum | A series of individual lines of color showing the frequencies present in a light source(线形光谱) |
Topic 4 Electric circuits
4A Electrical quantities
| English | 解释 |
|---|---|
| charge | 电荷 |
| charged particles | 带电粒子 |
| conduction | 传导 |
| conduction electron | 传导电子 |
| coulombs(C) | 库仑 |
| ohm's law | 欧姆定律 |
| current(I) | 电流 |
| voltage(V) | 电压 |
| electromotive force(e.m.f) | 电动势(The energy coming into the circuit.The amount of energy supplied to unit charge) |
| potential difference | 电势差(Voltage of a component that is using electrical energy in a circuit and transferring this energy to other stores) |
| electronvolt | 电子伏特 |
| resistance(R) | 电阻 |
| resistivity$\rho$ | 电阻率 |
| lattice | [晶体] 晶格；格子；格架 |
| drift velocity(v) | The average velocity of the free electrons |
| wire | 金属丝 |
| filament bulb | 灯丝灯泡 |
| diode | 二极管 |
| thermistor | 热敏电阻 |
| semiconductors | 半导体 |
| insulators | 绝缘体 |
| superconductivity | 超导电性 |
4B Complete electrical circuits
| English | 解释 |
|---|---|
| circuit | 电路 |
| parallel circuits | 并联电路 |
| series circuits | 串联电路 |
| branch circuit | 支路 |
| main circuit | 干路 |
| internal resistance | The resistance of an emf source |
| efficiency | 效率 |
至此，上面是大部分课本中出现的单词，是我认为必须掌握的。
未完待续
文章主图：摄于2024年8月2日 新加坡滨海湾 Marina Bay, Singapore
文章首发于2025年4月23日
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